In a state-law practice set, a candidate reviews the following scenario. Assume the administrator is testing the cleanest state-law answer. An agent executes 47 trades in a customer's account during a single month, generating substantial commissions while the account shows minimal gains. This practice is BEST described as:

Why B — Churning

Under USA Section 502 and NASAA model rules, churning is the excessive trading in a customer's account primarily to generate commissions for the agent rather than to benefit the customer. The high volume of trades relative to the account's performance is a hallmark indicator of churning, which is a prohibited dishonest and unethical business practice. This variant keeps the same legal rule but shifts the setup so recall has to stay flexible.